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• Author : Yasser Khazaal,Jérôme Favrod,Anna Sort,François Borgeat,Stéphane Bouchard
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2018-07-12
• Total pages :229
• ISBN : 9782889454969

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• Author : Eric Brunet-Gouet,Ali Oker,Jean-Claude Martin,Ouriel Grynszpan,Philip L. Jackson
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2016-03-02
• Total pages :229
• ISBN : 9782889197873

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Summary : Advances in modern sciences occur thanks to within-fields discoveries as well as confrontation of concepts and methods from separated, sometimes distant, domains of knowledge. For instance, the fields of psychology and psychopathology benefited from accumulated contributions from cognitive neurosciences, which, in turn, received insights from molecular chemistry, cellular biology, physics (neuroimaging), statistics and computer sciences (data processing), etc. From the results of these researches, one can argue that among the numerous cognitive phenomena supposedly involved in the emergence the human intelligence and organized behavior, some of them are specific to the social nature of our phylogenetic order. Scientific reductionism allowed to divide the social cognitive system into several components, i.e. emotion processing and regulation, mental state inference (theory of mind), agency, etc. New paradigms were progressively designed to investigate these processes within highly-controlled laboratory settings. Moreover, the related constructs were successful at better understanding psychopathological conditions such as autism and schizophrenia, with partial relationships with illness outcomes. Here, we would like to outline the parallel development of concepts in social neurosciences and in other domains such as computer science, affective computing, virtual reality development, and even hardware technologies. While several researchers in neurosciences pointed out the necessity to consider naturalistic social cognition (Zaki and Ochsner, Ann N Y Acad Sci 1167, 16-30, 2009), the second person perspective (Schilbach et al., Behav Brain Sci 36(4), 393-414, 2013) and reciprocity (de Bruin et al., Front Hum Neurosci 6, 151, 2012), both computer and software developments allowed more and more realistic real-time models of our environment and of virtual humans capable of some interaction with users. As noted at the very beginning of this editorial, a new convergence between scientific disciplines might occur from which it is tricky to predict the outcomes in terms of new concepts, methods and uses. Although this convergence is motivated by the intuition that it fits well ongoing societal changes (increasing social demands on computer technologies, augmenting funding), it comes with several difficulties for which the current Frontiers in’ topic strives to bring some positive answers, and to provide both theoretical arguments and experimental examples. The first issue is about concepts and vocabulary as the contributions described in the following are authored by neuroscientists, computer scientists, psychopathologists, etc. A special attention was given during the reviewing process to stay as close as possible to the publication standards in psychological and health sciences, and to avoid purely technical descriptions. The second problem concerns methods: more complex computerized interaction models results in unpredictable and poorly controlled experiments. In other words, the assets of naturalistic paradigms may be alleviated by the difficulty to match results between subjects, populations, conditions. Of course, this practical question is extremely important for investigating pathologies that are associated with profoundly divergent behavioral patterns. Some of the contributions of this topic provide description of strategies that allowed to solve these difficulties, at least partially. The last issue is about heterogeneity of the objectives of the researches presented here. While selection criteria focused on the use of innovative technologies to assess or improve social cognition, the fields of application of this approach were quite unexpected. In an attempt to organize the contributions, three directions of research can be identified: 1) how innovation in methods might improve understanding and assessment of social cognition disorders or pathology? 2) within the framework of cognitive behavioral psychotherapies (CBT), how should we consider the use of virtual reality or augmented reality? 3) which are the benefits of these techniques for investigating severe mental disorders (schizophrenia or autism) and performing cognitive training? The first challenging question is insightfully raised in the contribution of Timmermans and Schilbach (2014) giving orientations for investigating alterations of social interaction in psychiatric disorders by the use of dual interactive eye tracking with virtual anthropomorphic avatars. Joyal, Jacob and collaborators (2014) bring concurrent and construct validities of a newly developed set of virtual faces expressing six fundamental emotions. The relevance of virtual reality was exemplified with two contributions focusing on anxiety related phenomena. Jackson et al. (2015) describe a new environment allowing to investigate empathy for dynamic FACS-coded facial expressions including pain. Based on a systematic investigation of the impact of social stimuli modalities (visual, auditory), Ruch and collaborators are able to characterize the specificity of the interpretation of laughter in people with gelotophobia (2014). On the issue of social anxiety, Aymerich-Franch et al. (2014) presented two studies in which public speaking anxiety has been correlated with avatars’ similarity of participants’ self-representations. The second issue focuses on how advances in virtual reality may benefit to cognitive and behavioral therapies in psychiatry. These interventions share a common framework that articulates thoughts, feelings or emotions and behaviors and proposes gradual modification of each of these levels thanks to thought and schema analysis, stress reduction procedures, etc. They were observed to be somehow useful for the treatment of depression, stress disorders, phobias, and are gaining some authority in personality disorders and addictions. The main asset of new technologies is the possibility to control the characteristics of symptom-eliciting stimuli/situations, and more precisely the degree to which immersion is enforced. For example, Baus and Bouchard (2014) provide a review on the extension of virtual reality exposure-based therapy toward recently described augmented reality exposure-based therapy in individuals with phobias. Concerning substance dependence disorders, Hone-Blanchet et collaborators (2014) present another review on how virtual reality can be an asset for both therapy and craving assessment stressing out the possibilities to simulate social interactions associated with drug seeking behaviors and even peers’ pressure to consume. The last issue this Frontiers’ topic deals with encompasses the questions raised by social cognitive training or remediation in severe and chronic mental disorders (autistic disorders, schizophrenia). Here, therapies are based on drill and practice or strategy shaping procedures, and, most of the time, share an errorless learning of repeated cognitive challenges. Computerized methods were early proposed for that they do, effortlessly and with limited costs, repetitive stimulations. While, repetition was incompatible with realism in the social cognitive domain, recent advances provide both immersion and full control over stimuli. Georgescu and al. (2014) exhaustively reviews the use of virtual characters to assess and train non-verbal communication in high-functioning autism (HFA). Grynszpan and Nadel (2015) present an original eye-tracking method to reveal the link between gaze patterns and pragmatic abilities again in HFA. About schizophrenia, Oker and collaborators (2015) discuss and report some insights on how an affective and reactive virtual agents might be useful to assess and remediate several defects of social cognitive disorders. About assessment within virtual avatars on schizophrenia, Park et al., (2014) focused on effect of perceived intimacy on social decision making with schizophrenia patients. Regarding schizophrenia remediation, Peyroux and Franck (2014) presented a new method named RC2S which is a cognitive remediation program to improve social cognition in schizophrenia and related disorders. To conclude briefly, while it is largely acknowledged that social interaction can be studied as a topic of its own, all the contributions demonstrate the added value of expressive virtual agents and affective computing techniques for the experimentation. It also appears that the use of virtual reality is at the very beginning of a new scientific endeavor in cognitive sciences and medicine.

• Author : THOMAS Pierre
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2013-12-16
• Total pages :288
• ISBN : 9782257705419

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Summary : Le développement des antipsychotiques a marqué une nouvelle ère thérapeutique après la découverte du premier neuroleptique dans les années 1950. Leur principale indication demeure les symptômes psychotiques, même s’ils offrent également de nouvelles perspectives de traitement pour certains troubles de la personnalité ou du comportement. Cependant, l’image négative qu’ont longtemps eue les neuroleptiques n’est pas totalement effacée, et cet ouvrage a pour but d’apporter toutes les informations nécessaires aux prescripteurs pour rationaliser leur choix thérapeutique et favoriser le meilleur usage possible des antipsychotiques : - les bases fondamentales : pharmacologie, pharmacogénétique, effets métaboliques et cognitifs ; - les aspects cliniques : épisodes aigus de schizophrénie, troubles bipolaires, troubles affectifs non bipolaires, TOC et affections neurologiques, tolérance des antipsychotiques et molécules à action prolongée ; - les spécificités liées aux populations : enfants et adolescents, période périnatale, personnes âgées, situations d’urgence ; - le bon usage et l’éducation thérapeutique du patient. Réunissant une quarantaine de spécialistes reconnus, riche d’une cinquantaine de tableaux et schémas explicatifs et d’un index détaillé, cet ouvrage est la référence indispensable pour tous les praticiens devant prescrire des antipsychotiques.

• Author : Isabelle Lim-Sabbah,Laurent Sabbah
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2016-01-05
• Total pages :184
• ISBN : 9782294749810

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Summary : Cet ouvrage traite les grands thèmes du programme de l'UE 2.6: les troubles névrotiques, les troubles de l'humeur, les psychoses, les troubles de la personnalité et du comportement, les troubles des conduites alimentaires, les troubles du comportement chez l'enfant, les troubles envahissants du développement, les psychoses et névroses infantiles. Après un rappel sur le dispositif de soin en psychiatrie et les psychothérapies, il propose pour chaque fiche le plan suivant: définition, épidémiologie, étiologie, diagnostics, évolution, traitement, conduite à tenir IDE. Cette deuxième édition comporte une mise à jour de l'épidémiologie, de la terminologie des pathologies à la lumière du DSM-5, des fiches sur les troubles de l'humeur, les troubles bipolaires et la schizophrénie. En psychiatrie adulte, les troubles psychiques du post-partum, les pathologies post-traumatiques, les soins psychiatriques sans consentement, la psychoéducation et les nouvelles thérapeutiques ont été ajoutés. En pédopsychiatrie, l'actualisation porte sur le trouble de l'attention et sur les traitements médicamenteux disponibles avec l'ajout d'un chapitre sur les troubles envahissants du développement (ou troubles du spectre autistique). La dernière partie est dédiée à l'auto-évaluation avec des QCM, des QROC, des schémas muets et des situations cliniques suivis de leurs corrigés complets.

• Author : Élisabeth Thibaudeau
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2020
• Total pages :300
• ISBN : OCLC:1201506969

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Summary : La schizophrénie est associée à des difficultés fonctionnelles importantes, limitant la capacité des personnes qui en sont atteintes de se rétablir. Un des meilleurs déterminants du fonctionnement en schizophrénie est la théorie de l’esprit (TdE), soit la capacité à inférer les états mentaux des autres. La TdE est donc une cible de traitement centrale pour favoriser le rétablissement des personnes atteintes de schizophrénie. Toutefois, de nombreux défis limitent l’évaluation et la prise en charge des déficits de TdE en schizophrénie, incluant les limites psychométriques des outils disponibles pour évaluer la TdE et le manque de connaissances concernant les processus cognitifs non sociaux qui la sous-tendent. De plus, malgré les répercussions fonctionnelles documentées des déficits de TdE en schizophrénie, l’impact de ces déficits dans chaque domaine de fonctionnement demeure à être mieux compris afin de développer des interventions personnalisées. Cette thèse a pour objectif de déterminer l’influence de la cognition non sociale sur la TdE chez les personnes atteintes de schizophrénie, à explorer les répercussions fonctionnelles des déficits de TdE et à offrir des pistes d’interventions personnalisées pour cette fonction complexe. Pour ce faire, quatre études ont été réalisées. La première étude empirique a pour objectif d’évaluer la fidélité du test des histoires combinées, un test permettant l’évaluation de la TdE, auprès d’une population sans psychopathologie. Cette étude a permis de démontrer une bonne fidélité test-retest, une absence d’effet de pratique et une excellente fidélité interjuge pour le test des histoires combinées, suggérant ainsi son utilité en tant qu’outil d’évaluation de la TdE dans le cadre d’une intervention de remédiation cognitive pour la TdE telle que réalisée dans l’étude suivante. La deuxième étude a pour objectif d’évaluer l’effet d’un programme de remédiation cognitive visant uniquement la cognition non sociale et la métacognition sur la TdE en schizophrénie. Les résultats de cette étude de cas multiples suggèrent qu’il est possible d’améliorer de façon significative et durable la TdE chez les personnes atteintes de schizophrénie en utilisant une approche personnalisée permettant d’améliorer les fonctions cognitives non sociales et métacognitives les plus déficitaires pour chaque patient. Cette étude soutient l’hypothèse iii suggérant que la cognition non sociale est une base nécessaire, mais non suffisante à la TdE. Une meilleure compréhension des relations entre la TdE et les différentes fonctions cognitives non sociales était toutefois nécessaire afin de déterminer si certaines fonctions cognitives devaient être prises en charge de façon prioritaire pour soutenir la TdE. La troisième étude est une méta-analyse ayant pour objectif de déterminer et de comparer la magnitude des associations entre la TdE et les différentes fonctions de la cognition non sociale chez les personnes atteintes de schizophrénie. Les résultats de cette étude révèlent que chaque fonction cognitive non sociale est associée de façon modérée avec la TdE, et qu’aucune des fonctions de la cognition non sociale n’est associée plus fortement à la TdE que les autres. Les résultats révèlent également que les caractéristiques des tâches de TdE influencent les relations entre la cognition non sociale et la TdE. La dernière étude est une méta-analyse ayant pour objectif de déterminer et de comparer la magnitude des associations entre la TdE et les différents domaines de fonctionnement et les différents types de mesures de fonctionnement en schizophrénie. Les résultats de cette étude révèlent une relation modérée entre la TdE et chaque domaine de fonctionnement en schizophrénie. Les résultats suggèrent également que la TdE est plus fortement associée aux activités productives qu’au fonctionnement social (pour les échelles de fonctionnement dans la communauté), mais aussi que son association est plus forte avec les tâches de type performance comparativement aux échelles de fonctionnement dans la communauté. Cette thèse permet de mieux comprendre les liens entre la cognition non sociale et la TdE chez les personnes atteintes de schizophrénie, d’explorer les associations fonctionnelles de la TdE, et d’offrir des pistes d’intervention personnalisées en remédiation cognitive pour cette fonction complexe. En plus d’apporter des informations pertinentes pour l’évaluation et le traitement des déficits de TdE en schizophrénie, elle inclut une proposition intégrative illustrant les associations cognitivo-psycho-sociales du fonctionnement, permettant d’obtenir une vision plus globale des déterminants et des répercussions des déficits de TdE en schizophrénie afin de favoriser une prise en charge multidimensionnelle et personnalisée.

• Author : Fédération française de psychiatrie
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2003
• Total pages :440
• ISBN : 2742004483

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Summary : Fait le point sur la schizophrénie, enjeu majeur de santé publique compte tenu du caractère chronique de ces affections, des souffrances qu'elles engendrent pour les individus atteints et leur famille et de la nécessité de développer des thérapeutiques spécifiques et des programmes de soins adaptés.

• Author : Anonim
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1992
• Total pages :229
• ISBN : IND:30000089664472

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• Author : Anonim
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1989
• Total pages :229
• ISBN : UCAL:C3049917

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• Author : Anonim
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2008
• Total pages :229
• ISBN : UCLA:L0090606500

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• Author : Vincent Rialle,Denis Fisette
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1996
• Total pages :460
• ISBN : UCAL:B5436990

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• Author : David L. Roberts,David L. Penn,Dennis R. Combs
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2015-12-02
• Total pages :152
• ISBN : 9780199346639

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Summary : Impairments in social functioning are among the hallmark characteristics of schizophrenia. These deficits predict relapse rate and may be independent of better-studied symptoms such as hallucinations. Additionally, studies indicate that social functioning is one of the most important domains for individuals with schizophrenia, many of whom consider social functioning to be a key area of unmet need. Social Cognition and Interaction Training (SCIT) is a group psychotherapy for individuals with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Social cognition refers to the thinking processes that people use to navigate the social world. Deficits in social cognition hinder people with schizophrenia and other mental illnesses from living meaningful, socially connected lives. The SCIT Clinician Guide provides comprehensive instruction for mental health professionals to enhance social cognition and promote rewarding social lives for their clients. SCIT is appropriate for adults suffering from psychotic illness and who have interpersonal difficulties as a result. SCIT is particularly appropriate for individuals with symptoms of suspiciousness and paranoia. The authors summarize the rationale and theoretical underpinnings of SCIT, distinguish it from other treatments for psychosis, provide an overview of the intervention, explain the links between the intervention activities and the underlying theoretical model, and describe SCIT implementation session-by-session. SCIT is a 20- to 24-week group-based treatment that can be delivered by mental health clinicians of all levels in a wide range of community and hospital settings. SCIT uses exercises, games, discussion formats, and interactive social stimuli to target and improve specific areas of social cognitive dysfunction, and includes user-friendly tips and handouts for clients. It also provides web access to a library of videos, images and slide shows that are used to bring the SCIT training sessions to life.

• Author : Illana Gozes,Joseph Levine
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2019-10-16
• Total pages :322
• ISBN : 9780128140383

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Summary : Neuroprotection in Autism, Schizophrenia and Alzheimer's Disease provides an up-to-date overview on recent clinical studies and the similarities discovered in the most prevalent brain disorders. The book's content will help shed light on basic mechanisms and provide new avenues for early diagnosis toward disease prevention and disease modification. It is written for researchers, clinicians and medical physicians in neuroscience, neurology and psychiatry. Sections discuss the shared pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie autism, schizophrenia/mood disorders and Alzheimer’s disease, i.e. neurodevelopmental disorders, neuropsychiatric diseases and neurodegenerative disorders. Offers an up-to-date overview of basic and clinical studies concerning similarities in the most prevalent brain disorders Helps the reader become familiar with novel neuroprotective mechanisms and experimental treatment modalities in these difficult to treat disorders Written for researchers, clinicians and medical physicians in neuroscience, neurology and psychiatry

• Author : Anonim
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1970
• Total pages :229
• ISBN : STANFORD:36105007237238

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• Author : Anonim
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1970
• Total pages :229
• ISBN : UOM:39015082017826

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• Author : Anonim
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1999
• Total pages :229
• ISBN : STANFORD:36105029381493

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• Author : Floriana Irtelli,Enrico Vincenti
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2018-10-17
• Total pages :112
• ISBN : 9781789840193

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Summary : This book collects chapters from a number of scientists all over the world, giving their contribution to the comprehension and clinical management of psychosis. The book adopts a perspective that respects the complexity of the human person and his/her relationships. It devotes a space both to the deepening of the more strictly biological aspects, the psychological aspects and the social aspects. Each section of the book (biological, psychological, social) reveals a deep connection with the themes of the other sections, showing the strength of this biopsychosocial interweaving. The relationship and the interweaving between these different areas is certainly a foundation of our existence and constitutes a law to which we cannot escape, so it is necessary that the biopsyosocial model is always considered in the interventions for the psychotic patient. This book also focuses on some specific and very innovative topics such as the importance of psychosocial factors and family factors, complementary approaches to psychosis managment, subclinical psychosis and relational aspects of psychosis.

• Author : V. Roder,A. Medalia
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2010-02-03
• Total pages :190
• ISBN : 9783805593397

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Summary : Research shows that neuro- and social cognition have a decisive influence on functional outcome in people with schizophrenia. In this publication, world-renowned experts summarize the latest research on approaches to assessing and treating cognition in schizophrenia. The book is organized to take the reader through the steps from definitions and assessment of cognition to research on the relevance of cognition in everyday life, to chapters which focus on treatments for cognitive disorders. The reader will learn about the NIMH MATRICS initiative which has provided clinicians and researchers with the tools to define and assess neuro- and social cognitive functioning in people with schizophrenia. Then the treatments for neuro and social cognitive deficits are discussed in several chapters which give an overview of cognitive remediation approaches, accompanied by concrete treatment examples. The reader will also learn about the latest results of pharmacological interventions for cognitive deficits. A final chapter focuses on the importance of addressing motivational deficits when treating cognition, and offers treatment approaches to enhance motivation. This publication is essential reading for clinicians and researchers in the fields of psychiatry, psychology as well as students and other professions working with people who have schizophrenia.

• Author : Guillermo Lahera,Paloma García-Ramo,Salvador Ruiz-Murugarren
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2011
• Total pages :54
• ISBN : 1612095305

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Summary : Bipolar disorder is associated with a significant impairment in overall functioning in work, social and family levels, even during periods of sustained and substantial remission. Social cognition implies those processes in "how individuals think about themselves, others, social situations and their interactions". This book reviews the social cognition deficits in bipolar disorder and its possible influence in psychosocial disadjustment.

• Author : Volker Roder,Daniel R. Müller
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2015-06-02
• Total pages :141
• ISBN : 9783319132457

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Summary : This book contains concrete and step by step information with many practical examples. It is in line with the most actual international empirical findings about schizophrenia and contains the most updated therapy approach being available currently. The techniques and exercises (partly computer-based) are described in detail. Case examples point out specific therapeutic situations and teach the therapist how to cope with complicated group and individual demands. Assessment for patient selection, differential indication and therapy control within a multi-dimensional treatment and rehabilitation system are discussed. INT was evaluated successfully in an international randomised multi-centre study. In the meantime it is implemented in many clinical settings in German speaking countries. Integrated Neurocognitive Therapy (INT) is a cognitive remediation therapy approach. INT is the first treatment manual comprising all MATRICS areas (Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia). The NIMH (National Institute of Mental Health, USA) initiated this MATRICS initiative. MATRICS defines 11 neurocognitive and social cognitive areas of functioning being relevant for patients with schizophrenia. The improvement of these areas in a group therapy is the main goal of INT. INT is based on IPT (Integrated Psychological Therapy, Roder et al 2010). It is a resource and a recovery oriented intervention to enhance also therapy motivation and self-esteem and to reduce negative symptoms. Therapy focuses especially on group processes and the exercises augment transfer and generalisation to daily life. As a meta goal INT intends to amend life quality and the reintegration of the patients in the community. The presented manual offers the clinicians a practically orientated guide for carrying out INT.

• Author : Anonim
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2006
• Total pages :229
• ISBN : STANFORD:36105123430014

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• Author : Anonim
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2002
• Total pages :229
• ISBN : UOM:39015057996590

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