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• Author : Ulrich K. Deiters,Thomas Kraska
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2012
• Total pages :342
• ISBN : 9780444563477

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Summary : The book begins with an overview of the phase diagrams of fluid mixtures (fluid = liquid, gas, or supercritical state), which can show an astonishing variety when elevated pressures are taken into account; phenomena like retrograde condensation (single and double) and azeotropy (normal and double) are discussed. It then gives an introduction into the relevant thermodynamic equations for fluid mixtures, including some that are rarely found in modern textbooks, and shows how they can they be used to compute phase diagrams and related properties. This chapter gives a consistent and axiomatic approach to fluid thermodynamics; it avoids using activity coefficients. Further chapters are dedicated to solid-fluid phase equilibria and global phase diagrams (systematic search for phase diagram classes). The appendix contains numerical algorithms needed for the computations. The book thus enables the reader to create or improve computer programs for the calculation of fluid phase diagrams. introduces phase diagram classes, how to recognize them and identify their characteristic features presents rational nomenclature of binary fluid phase diagrams includes problems and solutions for self-testing, exercises or seminars

• Author : Marlie Du Rand
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2000
• Total pages :336
• ISBN : OCLC:52492743

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Summary :

• Author : Catherine Ann Dauscher
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1988
• Total pages :264
• ISBN : OCLC:17504476

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Summary :

• Author : John M. Prausnitz,Rudiger N. Lichtenthaler,Edmundo Gomes de Azevedo
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1998-10-22
• Total pages :864
• ISBN : 9780132440509

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Summary : The classic guide to mixtures, completely updated with new models, theories, examples, and data. Efficient separation operations and many other chemical processes depend upon a thorough understanding of the properties of gaseous and liquid mixtures. Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid-Phase Equilibria, Third Edition is a systematic, practical guide to interpreting, correlating, and predicting thermodynamic properties used in mixture-related phase-equilibrium calculations. Completely updated, this edition reflects the growing maturity of techniques grounded in applied statistical thermodynamics and molecular simulation, while relying on classical thermodynamics, molecular physics, and physical chemistry wherever these fields offer superior solutions. Detailed new coverage includes: Techniques for improving separation processes and making them more environmentally friendly. Theoretical concepts enabling the description and interpretation of solution properties. New models, notably the lattice-fluid and statistical associated-fluid theories. Polymer solutions, including gas-polymer equilibria, polymer blends, membranes, and gels. Electrolyte solutions, including semi-empirical models for solutions containing salts or volatile electrolytes. Coverage also includes: fundamentals of classical thermodynamics of phase equilibria; thermodynamic properties from volumetric data; intermolecular forces; fugacities in gas and liquid mixtures; solubilities of gases and solids in liquids; high-pressure phase equilibria; virial coefficients for quantum gases; and much more. Throughout, Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid-Phase Equilibria strikes a perfect balance between empirical techniques and theory, and is replete with useful examples and experimental data. More than ever, it is the essential resource for engineers, chemists, and other professionals working with mixtures and related processes.

• Author : Raymond Nickolas Fleck
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1967
• Total pages :256
• ISBN : UCAL:C3476900

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Summary :

• Author : J. M. Prausnitz,PrausnitzHJ. M.
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1969
• Total pages :523
• ISBN : UOM:39015000993983

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Summary : 97774-4 The classic guide to mixtures, completely updated with new models, theories, examples, and data. Efficient separation operations and many other chemical processes depend upon a thorough understanding of the properties of gaseous and liquid mixtures. Molecular Thermodynamics of Fluid-Phase Equilibria, Third Edition is a systematic, practical guide to interpreting, correlating, and predicting thermodynamic properties used in mixture-related phase-equilibrium calculations. Completely updated, this edition reflects the growing maturity of techniques grounded in applied statistical thermodynamics and molecular simulation, while relying on classical thermodynamics, molecular physics, and physical chemistry wherever these fields offer superior solutions. Detailed new coverage includes: Techniques for improving separation processes and making them more environmentally friendly. Theoretical concepts enabling the description and interpretation of solution properties. New models, notably the lattice-fluid and statistical associated-fluid theories. Polymer solutions, including gas-polymer equilibria, polymer blends, membranes, and gels. Electrolyte solutions, including semi-empirical models for solutions containing salts or volatile electrolytes. Coverage also includes: fundamentals of classical thermodynamics of phase equilibria; thermodynamic properties from volumetric data; intermolecular forces; fugacities in gas and liquid mixtures; solubilities of gases and solids in liquids; high-pressure phase equilibria; virial coefficients for quantum gases; and much more. Throughout, Molecular Thermodynamics ofFluid-Phase Equilibria strikes a perfect balance between empirical techniques and theory, and is replete with useful examples and experimental data. More than ever, it is the essential resource for engineers, chemists, and oth

• Author : Esteban Alberto Brignole,Selva Pereda
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2013-04-02
• Total pages :346
• ISBN : 9780444594716

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Summary : Traditionally, the teaching of phase equilibria emphasizes the relationships between the thermodynamic variables of each phase in equilibrium rather than its engineering applications. This book changes the focus from the use of thermodynamics relationships to compute phase equilibria to the design and control of the phase conditions that a process needs. Phase Equilibrium Engineering presents a systematic study and application of phase equilibrium tools to the development of chemical processes. The thermodynamic modeling of mixtures for process development, synthesis, simulation, design and optimization is analyzed. The relation between the mixture molecular properties, the selection of the thermodynamic model and the process technology that could be applied are discussed. A classification of mixtures, separation process, thermodynamic models and technologies is presented to guide the engineer in the world of separation processes. The phase condition required for a given reacting system is studied at subcritical and supercritical conditions. The four cardinal points of phase equilibrium engineering are: the chemical plant or process, the laboratory, the modeling of phase equilibria and the simulator. The harmonization of all these components to obtain a better design or operation is the ultimate goal of phase equilibrium engineering. Methodologies are discussed using relevant industrial examples The molecular nature and composition of the process mixture is given a key role in process decisions Phase equilibrium diagrams are used as a drawing board for process implementation

• Author : Mark Anthony McHugh
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1981
• Total pages :264
• ISBN : OCLC:7960832

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Summary :

• Author : Christian Wohlfarth
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2015-02-10
• Total pages :595
• ISBN : 9781498703215

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Summary : Thermodynamic data of polymer solutions are paramount for industrial and laboratory processes. These data also serve to understand the physical behavior of polymer solutions, study intermolecular interactions, and gain insights into the molecular nature of mixtures. Nearly a decade has passed since the release of a similar CRC Handbook and since th

• Author : CHRISTIAN. WOHLFARTH
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2021-06-30
• Total pages :595
• ISBN : 1032098821

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Summary : Thermodynamic data of polymer solutions are paramount for industrial and laboratory processes. These data also serve to understand the physical behavior of polymer solutions, study intermolecular interactions, and gain insights into the molecular nature of mixtures. Nearly a decade has passed since the release of a similar CRC Handbook and since then a large amount of new experimental data have been published, which is now compiled in this book. The CRC Handbook of Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamic Data of Polymer Solutions at Elevated Pressures features nearly 500 newly published references containing approximately 175 new vapor-liquid equilibrium data sets, 25 new liquid-liquid equilibrium data sets, 540 new high-pressure fluid phase equilibrium data sets, 60 new data sets describing PVT properties of polymers, and 20 new data sets with densities or excess volumes. The book is a valuable resource for researchers, specialists, and engineers working in the fields of polymer science, physical chemistry, chemical engineering, materials science, biological science and technology, and those developing computerized predictive packages.

• Author : Maria Elena Pozo
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1983
• Total pages :238
• ISBN : CORNELL:31924004881086

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Summary :

• Author : Gerd Maurer
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2004-06-25
• Total pages :673
• ISBN : 3527277706

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Summary : A priority programme of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) was conducted to investigate the thermophysical and thermochemical fundamentals relevant for process design in the chemical and petrochemical industry as well as for biotechnological and environmental process sciences. The priority programme comprised 27 projects in which researchers form various disciplines like applied thermodynamics, industrial chemistry, physical chemistry, process sciences, or biotechnology collaborated to solve some of the major problems of modern thermodynamics. The research results are exclusively documented in this book and cover topics like phase equilibrium in chemical reactive mixtures, in aqueous solutions of electrolytes, aqueous two-phase systems and polymer solutions, high pressure fluid phase equilibria, and microemulsion systems. The results contribute to a better understanding of important phase equilibrium phenomena and help to improve process models.

• Author : J. M. Prausnitz,Ruediger N. Lichtenthaler,Edmundo Gomes de Azevedo
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1986
• Total pages :600
• ISBN : UOM:39015009816516

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Summary : A synthesis of thermodynamics and applied physical chemistry, this volume stresses the importance and convenience of using generalized methods to solve chemical engineering problems.

• Author : R.J. Sadus
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2012-12-02
• Total pages :411
• ISBN : 9780444596666

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Summary : The high pressure phase behaviour of binary fluid mixtures has been extensively studied during the last three decades. There is ample experimental data for a wide variety of binary mixtures and extensive methods for prediction have been developed. In contrast, the investigation of ternary and other multicomponent fluids is in its infancy. Experimental ternary mixture critical data are very rare and theoretical studies have been limited to data correlation rather than genuine prediction. The phase behaviour of ternary and other multicomponent fluid mixtures has many novel aspects which are not manifested in binary mixtures. The properties of ternary mixtures are also likely to be more difficult to characterize experimentally. It is in this context that calculated phase diagrams have an important role in leading the discovery of new phenomena and guiding experimental work. The criteria for phase equilibria of multicomponent fluids with particular emphasis on the critical state are examined in this book, and models for predicting fluid equilibria (e.g., different equations of state) are compared. Particular attention is paid to the critical state of ternary mixtures which has hitherto been largely neglected. The problems associated with predicting ternary equilibria are discussed, and some novel aspects of ternary critical phenomena are illustrated. The books also describes a novel type of critical transition which appears to be a common feature of the equilibria of ternary mixtures. Extensive phase diagrams of a wide range of ternary mixtures including systems containing carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen and tetrafluoromethane as one or more component are presented. The theoretical treatment is detailed in the appendix and a computation of known experimental critical points is also included.

• Author : Esteban Brignole,Selva Pereda
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2013-04-02
• Total pages :346
• ISBN : 9780128082638

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Summary : In this chapter, the problem of sustainability of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries and the principles of green chemistry are outlined. In particular, the need for secure and environmentally safe solvents (ESSs) is pointed out. There are several ESS alternatives under study nowadays, like ionic liquids, polymeric solvents, and simple liquids like fatty esters; however, an increasing attention is being paid to supercritical fluids (SCFs) for a wide variety of applications in the chemical and pharmaceutical as well as in the materials and electronic industry. In the present chapter after an introduction to the fundamentals of SCF extraction, PEE principles are applied to several case studies of SCF—substrate mixtures of natural products with different types of phase behavior. Finally the application of SCF for supercritical micronization is reviewed and a case study is presented.

• Author : Mark Daniel Crable
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1985
• Total pages :282
• ISBN : OCLC:12174116

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Summary :

• Author : Ronald L. Cotterman
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :1985
• Total pages :820
• ISBN : UCAL:C2930290

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Summary :

• Author : Norhidayah Suleiman
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2016
• Total pages :229
• ISBN : OCLC:1064696706

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Summary :

• Author : Mats Hillert
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2007-11-22
• Total pages :229
• ISBN : 9781139465861

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Summary : Computational tools allow material scientists to model and analyze increasingly complicated systems to appreciate material behavior. Accurate use and interpretation however, requires a strong understanding of the thermodynamic principles that underpin phase equilibrium, transformation and state. This fully revised and updated edition covers the fundamentals of thermodynamics, with a view to modern computer applications. The theoretical basis of chemical equilibria and chemical changes is covered with an emphasis on the properties of phase diagrams. Starting with the basic principles, discussion moves to systems involving multiple phases. New chapters cover irreversible thermodynamics, extremum principles, and the thermodynamics of surfaces and interfaces. Theoretical descriptions of equilibrium conditions, the state of systems at equilibrium and the changes as equilibrium is reached, are all demonstrated graphically. With illustrative examples - many computer calculated - and worked examples, this textbook is an valuable resource for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in materials science and engineering.

• Author : M. B. King
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2013-10-22
• Total pages :604
• ISBN : 9781483152417

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Summary : Phase Equilibrium in Mixtures deals with phase equilibrium and the methods of correlating, checking, and predicting phase data. Topics covered range from latent heat and vapor pressure to dilute solutions, ideal and near-ideal solutions, and consistency tests. Molecular considerations and their use for the prediction and correlation of data are also discussed. Comprised of nine chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the role of thermodynamics and the criteria for equilibrium between phases, along with fugacity and the thermodynamic functions of mixing. The discussion then turns to some of the phase phenomena which may be encountered in chemical engineering practice; methods of correlating and extending vapor pressure data and practical techniques for calculating latent heats from these data; the behavior of dilute solutions both at low and high pressures for reacting and non-reacting systems; and the behavior of ideal and near-ideal solutions. The remaining chapters explore non-ideal solutions at normal pressures; practical methods for testing the thermodynamic consistency of phase data; and the extent to which the broad aspects of phase behavior may be interpreted in the light of simple molecular considerations. This book is intended primarily for graduate chemical engineers but should also be of interest to those graduates in physics or chemistry who need to use phase equilibrium data.

• Author : A.R. Imre,H.J. Maris,P.R. Williams
• Publisher :Unknown
• Release Date :2012-12-06
• Total pages :340
• ISBN : 9789401004985

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Summary : It is possible to "stretch" a liquid and, when suitably prepared, liquids are capable of sustaining substantial levels of tension, often for significant periods of time. These negative pressure states are metastable but can last for days - long enough for substantial experimental investigation. This volume is a review of recent and current research into the behaviour of liquids under negative pressure. Part I deals with the thermodynamics of stretched liquids. Part II discusses the physical and chemical behaviour of liquids under negative pressure. Part III contains papers on the effect of negative pressure on the solidification of a liquid. Part IV is devoted to stretched helium and Part V discusses cavitation in various stretched liquids. Part VI deals with the effect of foreign substances on cavitation.